维修电器语录大全简短英语每天学英语中英文

在最近几年中间，农村中的资本主义自发势力一天一天地在发展，新富农已经到处出现，许多富裕中农力求把自己变为富农。许多贫农，因为生产资料不足，仍然处于贫困地位，有些人欠了债，有些人出卖土地，或者出租土地。这种情况如果让它发展下去，农村中向两极分化的现象必然一天一天的严重起来。失去土地的农民和继续处于贫困地位的农民将要埋怨我们，他们将说我们见死不救，不去帮助他们解决困难。向资本主义方向发展的那些富裕中农也将对我们不满，因为如果我们不想走资本主义的道路的话，就永远不能满足这些农民的要求。在这种情况之下，工人和农民的同盟能够继续巩固下去吗？显然是不能够的。这个问题，只有在新的基础之上才能获得解决，这就是在逐步地实现社会主义工业化和逐步的实现对于手工业、对于资本主义工商业的社会主义改造的同时，逐步地实现对于整个农业的社会主义的改造，即实行合作化，在农村中消灭富农经济制度和个体经济制度，使全体农村人民共同富裕起来。我们认为只有这样，供应和农民的联盟才能够巩固。

--《关于农业合作化问题》(一九五五年七月三十一日)，人民出版社第三一——三二页

The spontaneous forces of capitalism have been steadily growing in the countryside in recent years, with new rich peasants springing up everywhere and many well-to-do middle peasants striving to become rich peasants are still living in poverty for lack of sufficient means of production, with some in debt and other selling or renting out their land. If this tendency goes unchecked,the polarization in the countryside will inevitably be aggravated day by day. Those peasants who lose their land and those who remain in poverty will complain that we are doing nothing to save them from ruin or to help them overcome their difficulties. Nor will the well-to-do middle peasants who are heading in the capitalist direction be pleased with us, for we shall never be able to satisfy their demands unless we intend to take the capitalist road. Can the worker-peasant alliance continue to stand firm in these circumstances ? Obviously not. There is no solution to this problem except on a new basis. And that means to bring about, step by step, the socialist transformation of the whole of agriculture simultaneously with the gradual realization of socialist industrialization and the socialist transformation of handicrafts and capitalist industry and commerce; in other words, it means to carry out co-operation and eliminate the rich-peasant economy and the individual economy in the countryside so that all the rural people will become increasingly well off together. We maintain that this is the only way to consolidate the worker-peasant alliance.

"On the Question of Agricultural Co-operation" (July 31, 1955), 3rd ed., pp. 26-27.*

spontaneous [spɒnˈteɪniəs] adj.自发的；自然的；天然产生的；无意识的steadily['stedɪlɪ]adv.稳定地；持续地；稳固地springing ['sprɪŋɪŋ] n.弹动，弹跳，弹回v.[口语]花（钱）(for)( spring的现在分词 )；使（木材等）裂开；使断裂；使弯曲striving [straɪvɪŋ] v.努力奋斗，力求( strive的现在分词 ) poverty[ˈpɒvəti] n.贫穷；短缺lack[læk] n. 缺乏v.缺少sufficient [səˈfɪʃnt] adj.足够的；充足的；充分的debt[det] n.债务；负债；恩情；人情债rent [rent] v.租用；出租；租金为n.租金；裂口tendency [ˈtendənsi] n.倾向；趋势；偏好；极端势力unchecked [ˌʌnˈtʃekt] adj.未经检查的；未受抑制的polarization [ˌpəʊləraɪ'zeɪʃn] n.产生极性；极化；（光）偏振；对立inevitably [ɪnˈevɪtəbli]adv. 不可避免地；必然地aggravated[ˈæɡrəveɪtɪd] v.使恶化( aggravate的过去式和过去分词 )；使更严重；激怒；使恼火adj.（罪行）严重的，加重的ruin [ˈruːɪn] v.毁坏；破坏；使破产n.毁坏；破产；祸根；废墟，残余部分overcome [ˌəʊvəˈkʌm] v.克服；战胜；受到…的极大影响；被熏倒satisfy[ˈsætɪsfaɪ] v.（使）满意，满足；达到；使信服demands[dɪˈmɑːnd] v.强烈要求；需要n.要求；所需之物；需求intend[ɪnˈtend] v.打算，计划；想要；意指 alliance[əˈlaɪəns] n.同盟，联盟，联合firm[fɜːm] n.商号；公司adj.坚固的；稳固的；强有力的；坚定的；不会更改的；忠实的v.培土；使坚固；稳步上涨obviously[ˈɒbviəsli] adv.明显地﹐显而易见地 solution[səˈluːʃn] n.解决办法；溶解；答案simultaneously[ˌsɪməlˈteɪniəsli] adv.同时地；一壁；齐；一齐gradual [ˈɡrædʒuəl] adj.逐渐的；平缓的realization [ˌriːəlaɪˈzeɪʃn] n.认识，领会；实现individual [ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl]adj.单独的；个人的；独特的n.个人；某种类型的人rural [ˈrʊərəl] adj.乡村的；似农村的increasingly[ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli] adv.不断增加地；越来越多地maintain[meɪnˈteɪn] v.维持，保持；坚称；维修，保养；供养

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